Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
40% of global supply chains show the emergence of capable and autonomous small suppliers operating in sectors such as agro-industrial in Chile or garments in India, exercising increasing autonomy in their dealings with current customers who value their initiative (Sabel & Reddy, 2006).
60% of global supply chains have evolved from structures dominated by large producers or retailers to include capable and influential first-tier suppliers, often based in advanced developing countries such as South Korea or Taiwan (Sabel & Reddy, 2006).
90% of global research and development activity is carried out in rich countries, evidencing an international pattern of inequality and disadvantage that limits the innovation capabilities of developing countries (Sabel & Reddy, 2006).
13% of the Dominican Republic's exports are minerals - mostly gold, nickel, and copper - while the portion coming from agricultural products is far lower than in the other ADD countries (Campos et al., 2024).
4.2%, 3.2%, and 6.1% were the percentages of Foreign Direct Investment as a proportion of GDP in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, and Panama respectively in 2021, well above global averages of 1.9% for OECD countries and 2.1% for the world as a whole (Campos et al., 2024).
45 billion euros in goods exported by Mercosur to the EU in 2021, while it imported goods worth 44 billion euros (Cosbey and Vogt-Schilb, 2023).
Only 2.5% of the final price of coffee reaches farmers for their work in cultivation and harvesting, while the roasting process and marketing represent 90% (EOM, 2024).
The food system has become more “global”, as exports from developing countries and emerging economies made up more than one-third of global agri-food exports by 2018 with around a third of global agricultural and food exports traded within global value chains
11.6% of Canada's exports and 8.5% of its imports are agri-food products, with a trade surplus of almost US$17 billion (OECD, 2024).
45% negative correlation exists between local soybean prices and distance to ports in Mato Grosso, indicating that prices decrease with increasing distance (Garrett et al., 2018).
