Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
The study identifies contradictions and methodological gaps in research on the Coffee Cultural Landscape, and concludes that its heritage management faces unresolved tensions between institutional discourses and territorial realities (Cruz-Rincón, D. F. , 2024).
25% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from the agricultural sector, creating pressure to adopt sustainable practices and regulations that govern production and international trade according to sustainability standards (Velásquez, A., 2025).
100% of the PES program in Costa Rica includes four categories: biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, watershed protection and scenic beauty (Bosselmann, 2008).
100% of shaded coffee fields provide connectivity within degraded and fragmented forests, facilitating movement and maintenance of key wildlife populations (Bosselmann, 2008).
59% of the Sustainable Development Goals (10 out of 17) have environmental sustainability as a key objective related to green production (Cervera-Ferri & Ureña, 2017).
100% of the international initiatives considered for the development of green production indicators include the Sustainable Development Goals, indicators from OECD, UNEP, ILAC, ILO, and UNIDO (Cervera-Ferri & Ureña, 2017).
