Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
30 months was the period analyzed for Iniap seed production (June 2022 to December 2024) (Redacción El Universo, 2025).
4.8 tons per hectare represents the national average rice yield in Ecuador (Redacción El Universo, 2025).
404,932 commercial hectares of rice Ecuador has according to the Continuous Agricultural Surface and Production Survey (Espac 2024) (Redacción El Universo, 2025).
Imports have steadily grown since 2018, with peaks in 2021 and 2022, due to rising international prices of commodities in which CAN countries have deficits, such as cereals and oilseeds (Furche, 2024).
More than US$10 billion is the surplus exhibited by the aggregated trade balance of the CAN agricultural sector, reflecting its strong export performance (Furche, 2024).
They reached US$20.559 billion, representing just over 13% of the total import value of the subregion (Furche, 2024).
Nearly 20% of the total export value corresponds to the consolidated exports of the CAN countries, reaching an amount of US$30,628 m, reflecting the importance of intraregional trade in economic strengthening (Furche, 2024).
3 main mechanisms explain the gains from trade: specialization according to comparative advantages, exploitation of economies of scale, and increased productivity through the selection of efficient companies (Umaña, 2009).
200 years after its formulation, the postulates of the classical trade theory by Smith and Ricardo remain valid as a theoretical basis for understanding the gains from international trade (Umaña, 2009).
