Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Since February 28, 2026, only 5 fertilizer vessels have exited the Persian Gulf; the Gulf accounts for ~25% of global nitrogen fertilizer exports, generating a buildup of inventory with no clear exit, pushing global prices upward (Darragh & Bhanu, Kpler, 2026).
Gulf countries account for 13% of global nitrogen exports and 9% of phosphate nutrients; the Hormuz closure disrupts this critical chain for producing fertilizers such as urea and ammonia (UNCTAD, 2026).
A 49% reduction in nitrogen emissions and a 68% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions could be achieved by intensifying the pig and chicken production chain, according to data from 166 countries.
The 1% increase in global GDP from closing the gender gap in agricultural productivity and wages would reduce food insecurity by 2%, benefiting 45 million people.
More than 3.1 billion people, 42% of the world's population, could not afford a healthy diet in 2021, according to the SOFI 2023 report.
Half of the world's population lives in households dependent on agrifood systems (FAO, 2023).
