The State of Food and Agriculture 2025

FAO's annual flagship report examining the implications of human-induced land degradation on agricultural production and vulnerable populations. Drawing on updated data on the global distribution of farm holdings, farm sizes and crop production, it analyzes how the scale of land management determines both the constraints and opportunities for adopting sustainable land use practices. It shows how cropland degradation contributes to the global yield gap, and proposes policies combining regulatory measures and incentives adapted to diverse land use conditions and scales to avoid, reduce and reverse degradation.