Developing an International Regime to Advance the Transition Away from Fossil Fuels: Three Tracks for a Just Transition

Document by the Fossil Fuel Treaty Initiative analyzing three complementary international tracks for managing the energy transition: the UNFCCC/Paris Agreement framework, the COP30 Presidency Roadmap (Brazil), and the Fossil Fuel Treaty. It examines the functions, limitations and mechanisms of each instrument, and argues that only a binding treaty with supply-side commitments can fill the governance gap the Paris Agreement does not address. Includes a comparative table of the three mechanisms.