Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Up to 30% of the price increase in the first six months of 2008 can be explained by trade restrictions, according to IFPRI simulations with the MIRAGE model cited in the chapter.
Between June 2010 and May 2011, international maize and wheat prices roughly doubled; food prices peaked in February 2011.
US$20 to US$46 per metric ton was the range of costs for holding food reserves reported for African countries, according to the review cited in the chapter.
300,000 to 500,000 metric tons of basic grains are proposed as a humanitarian emergency reserve, about 5% of food aid flows of 6.7 million wheat-equivalent tons.
60 million tons, equivalent to 2.7% of global production, was the approximate difference between global grain stocks in 2007-2008 and those in 2004-2005.
395 days of excessive volatility were recorded for soft wheat between January 2007 and June 2011, compared with 207 days between December 2001 and December 2006.
83% of wheat and 68% of fresh milk in Brazil are marketed by cooperatives.
250% increased corn imports in Mexico between 1994 and 2006 under NAFTA framework, showing a significant increase in external dependency (Arroyo, 2009).
1,004,000 hectares of corn ceased to be planted in Mexico between 1994 and 2006, showing a significant reduction in cultivated area (Arroyo, 2009).
In 1999, the United States granted US$132 per hectare as a corn subsidy, three times more than the US$42 per hectare granted by Mexico (Arroyo, 2009).
