Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Fertilizer-related outbound shipments through the Strait of Hormuz dropped to their lowest level since January 2026 following Iran's announcement of the strait's closure on 2 March 2026.
European ammonia production is 19% below 2019 levels (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
10%–20% is the increase in the cost of ammonia imports in the EU due to the CBAM mechanism (Earth Platform, 2026).
26.5% of the European Union's ammonia imports originate from Russia (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
21.9% of European imports of nitrogen fertilizers came from Russia and Belarus in 2025 (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
The agricultural sector is undergoing a profound transformation: in 2025, the country achieved a production of over 700,000 tons of rice for the first time.( Ali, M. I., y Mustapha, Z. , 2025)
Peru's agricultural production grew by 5.64% in January 2026 compared to the same month the previous year, driven by an increase in the area under cultivation and favorable weather conditions.
Rising borrowing costs are increasing the potential economic burden of disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz. Following the military escalation, sovereign bond yields rose by between 0.24 and 0.64 percentage points, reaching as high as 7.1%.
33% of global maritime fertilizer trade (16 Mt) passes through the Strait of Hormuz, and in some countries, up to 54% of imports come from the Persian Gulf. During the last energy crisis, the natural gas index exceeded 1,000, while nitrogen fertilizers exceeded 700 (urea) and 900 (DAP).
Freight rates for oil tankers rose (BDTI +54% and BCTI +72%), while marine fuel prices increased by up to +99% for low-sulfur fuel and +100% for high-sulfur fuel, driving up transportation costs in global supply chains.
