Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Between 80% and 90% of forest-related businesses in the majority of developing countries are small and locally operated, with small-scale enterprises accounting for over half of all employment in the forest sector (Sarmiento, 2025).
90% of operators that import products within the scope of EUDR are constituted by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), according to European Union data (Sarmiento, 2025).
12 key components and 35 sub-components represent the identified elements of the agri-food sector that can serve as intervention points to improve nutritional outcomes (Duncan et al., 2022).
750 million people represent the global population exposed to severe levels of food insecurity, with this statistic trending upwards (Duncan et al., 2022).
37% represents the decline in the ratio of government spending on agriculture as compared with the sector's contribution to total economy, decreasing from 0.42 in 2001 to 0.26 in 2017 (Duncan et al., 2022)
18 peer-reviewed articles were identified as conceptual frameworks for food systems and nutrition, evidencing the need for multisectoral approaches that include agriculture, health, education, water, sanitation and social protection (Duncan et al., 2022).
In two climate-vulnerable regions of Guatemala, 95 % of farmers perceive climate change; 81 % report production impacts, but only 41 % have adapted—mainly via tree planting (Viguera et al., 2019).
In the Mariño basin, agroecological practices enhance food self-sufficiency, family income, and create synergies between productivity, climate adaptation, and mitigation (Quispe et al., 2021).
The study examines how droughts, floods, and temperature shifts impact agriculture in Peru and Ecuador. It reviews adaptation strategies such as climate-resilient crops, irrigation innovations, and government support. Findings show improved resilience, but highlight the need for more sustainable practices and stronger climate policies (Fernandez & Morales, 2025).
Survey of 130 goat producers in Piura (Marcavelica, Lancones, La Brea) found 56.9 % recognized climate change, perceiving impacts on temperature (69.9 %), rainfall (100 %), soil productivity (79.2 %), and water availability (50 %). Four adaptation capacity clusters emerged: excellent (6 %), good (23 %), fair (75 %), and poor (25 %) (Temoche et al., 2024).
