Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
4 main forest commodities (cocoa, palm oil, soybean and timber) have been identified as drivers of deforestation and are subject to various VSS (Larrea et al., 2021).
7 main elements comprise the Legality Assurance System (LAS) of VPAs including legality definition, verifiers, supply chain controls, compliance verification, FLEGT licensing, internal inspections and independent evaluation (Larrea et al., 2021).
5 years is the period prior to certification that the Organic standard requires farmers to show they have not converted valuable natural environments to agricultural land (Larrea et al., 2021).
2003 was the year of entry into force of the EU FLEGT regulation that seeks to combat illegal logging and deforestation (Larrea et al., 2021).
3 specific palm oil products (Stearin, Palm oil, Palm kernel oil) are covered by the sustainability provisions of the EFTA-Indonesia CEPA (Larrea et al., 2021).
3 private sustainability standards (RSPO, ISCC and POIG) are required as binding obligation for preferential tariff treatment in Switzerland under CEPA (Larrea et al., 2021).
1 country, Indonesia, is the only one able to issue FLEGT licenses currently for EU market access (Larrea et al., 2021).
2005 is the cut-off date established by RSPO for not certifying operations that have converted areas with high biodiversity conservation value after this date (Larrea et al., 2021).
19 FTAs mention Voluntary Sustainability Standards or related terms such as "eco-labelling", "sustainability standards" or "certifications" according to UNFSS (Larrea et al., 2021).
300 different types of environmental provisions have been identified in 730 trade agreements according to OECD (Larrea et al., 2021).
