Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
On April 2, 2026, Haiti's government announced a 37% increase in diesel prices and 29% in gasoline, triggering street protests in Port-au-Prince. With gangs controlling an estimated 90% of fuel distribution, the price hike is compounding an already severe food security crisis.
45 million people could be pushed into acute hunger if the Iran conflict persists, as the poorest households spend between 50% and 70% of their income on food
Urea prices in Brazil increased by 35% during the first weeks of March due to the conflict (Canuto, 2026).
20% of the total demand for phosphates in Brazil could be affected by the projected deficit (Canuto, 2026).
Brazilian imports from the Middle East represent 0.3% of GDP (Canuto, 2026).
Between 20% and 40% of the production cost in fruit farming corresponds to the use of fertilizers (Mundoagro, 2026).
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru indicates that it reduced the growth projection for the agricultural sector from 3.0% to 2.5% in anticipation of a weak Coastal El Niño event. (BCRP, 2026).
It is estimated that the effects of a weak coastal El Niño in Peru could subtract 0.1 percentage points from the growth of economic activity in 2026. (Central Reserve Bank of Peru, 2026).
It is estimated that the prolonged closure of the Strait of Hormuz will have an impact on inflation of 0.4 percentage points due to increased costs of freight, fertilizers, petrochemicals, among others. (Central Reserve Bank of Peru, 2026).
The IMF warns that energy-importing Caribbean countries face balance of payments pressures due to rising oil and food prices; oil surpassed USD 100/barrel (+50% in one month), with additional risks for tourism- and remittance-dependent economies.
