Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
25% of Brazil's corn exports are destined for the Middle East, increasing sectoral vulnerability (Canuto, 2026).
Brazilian imports from the Middle East represent 0.3% of GDP (Canuto, 2026).
0.6% of Brazil's GDP corresponds to exports to Middle Eastern countries impacted by the conflict (Canuto, 2026).
15% of Brazil's fertilizer imports come from the war-affected region (Canuto, 2026).
20% of the total demand for phosphates in Brazil could be affected by the projected deficit (Canuto, 2026).
Brazil could face a phosphate deficit of between 1 and 3 million tons if supply restrictions persist (Canuto, 2026).
78% of phosphate consumption in Brazil depends on imports, which exposes the country to external restrictions (Canuto, 2026).
Urea prices in Brazil increased by 35% during the first weeks of March due to the conflict (Canuto, 2026).
36% of Brazil's urea imports came from Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Oman and the United Arab Emirates in 2025, currently affected by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz (Canuto, 2026).
The study maps 1,793 of 1,874 Peruvian districts (95.7%), with moderate-to-high risk zones covering over one-third of the national territory, indicating ENSO events amplify pesticide dispersal. (Honles,J. et al, 2026)
