Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
European ammonia production is 19% below 2019 levels (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
10%–20% is the increase in the cost of ammonia imports in the EU due to the CBAM mechanism (Earth Platform, 2026).
26.5% of the European Union's ammonia imports originate from Russia (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
21.9% of European imports of nitrogen fertilizers came from Russia and Belarus in 2025 (Plataforma Tierra, 2026).
25 times higher is the proportional investment in agricultural research and development in North America and Europe (51%) compared to Latin America and the Caribbean (2%), evidencing a deep technological gap according to UNESCO data (2021) (Velásquez, A., 2025).
3,500 years old are the first documented potato crops in South America, a tuber that in the 17th century saved Europe from famine, becoming one of the main contributions of the New World to global food security (Velásquez, A., 2025).
82% of wood fuel is used in Africa, Asia and South America; the rest in other regions (FAO, 2024).
4.56 dollars PPP was the highest cost of a healthy diet in 2022 in Latin America and the Caribbean, followed by Asia (4.20), Africa (3.74), North America and Europe (3.57) and Oceania (3.46) (FAO et al., 2024).
USD 500 billion was the public expenditure in 2022 to reduce energy bills, 70% represented by Europe (IAEA, 2022).
Between 0.1% and 1% of real GDP in the US and Europe would be affected by friendshoring, with a higher impact of up to 4.7% in countries in between the West and its adversaries (IMF, 2023).
