Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
190 thousand million metric tons annually reach the volume of international corn trade, a cereal that evolved from teosinte thanks to domestication by the Aztecs and other indigenous peoples of Mexico and Central America (Velásquez, A., 2025).
More than 1 million people of the rural agricultural population live in the Central American Dry Corridor, classified as tropical dry forest (World Bank, 2024).
100% of the urea used in Central and South America is imported (GGGI, 2024).
Nearly 50% of the exports that SICA makes to the world correspond to agri-food products (FAO and IDB, 2024).
8% reduction in corn yields in Central America in 2030 due to climate change, compared to the 2001-2009 period, according to the IPCC extreme scenario (Rodriguez, 2023).
5% represents Central America of CARICOM's agri-food imports (FAO and IDB, 2024).
1.0% was the annual rate of decline in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) between 2011 and 2021, compared to 1.6% per year between 2001 and 2010 (GAP, 2023).
4.0% is the expected annual growth rate in fertilizer consumption in Central American countries between 2011 and 2021 (GAP, 2023).
9 million people in Central America were affected by hurricanes Eta and Iota in 2020, which caused more than 400 deaths and $1.4 billion in damage in a few days (OCHA, 2023).
28% of the population in Central America, equivalent to 11.4 million people, faced food insecurity in 2023.
