Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Brazilian imports from the Middle East represent 0.3% of GDP (Canuto, 2026).
0% is the temporary tariff applied to the import of fertilizers to lower agricultural production costs in Brazil (Agrolatam, 2026).
85% of the fertilizers used in Brazil are imported, which explains the high exposure to international shocks (Agrolatam, 2026).
Brazil's soybean production was revised down to 179 million tonnes (from 180M) due to excessive rainfall in northern and central producing states; Brazil's competitive discount makes it unlikely China will purchase an additional 8 million tonnes of soybeans from the US (Darragh & Bhanu, Kpler, 2026).
Brazil will allocate $2.9 billion to a new plan to reduce the impact of rising fertilizer prices on agriculture (Agrolatam, 2026).
13% of the global conversion of natural ecosystems is concentrated in Brazil, the country with the highest recorded proportion (Kan et al., 2026).
75% of the world's coffee is produced by just five countries: Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Ethiopia and Indonesia (El País, 2026).
Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Ethiopia and Indonesia face an average of 144 days a year with heat that is harmful to coffee, almost four months under heat stress (El País, 2026).
In the sectoral mapping of PAIs, agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing accounts for 248 PAIs (34.8%), followed by manufacturing (188), tourism (70) and ICT (51); additionally, 32 PAIs in health are identified, according to the report (ECLAC, 2025).
Two economies —Brazil and Mexico— face tensions in inflation expectations (OECD, 2024).
