Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
In July 2026, the Niño3.4 index exceeded a +2°C sea-surface temperature anomaly in the equatorial Pacific, a threshold that Météo-France classifies as strong El Niño intensity.
Among the most intense episodes observed since 1950 could be the 2026 El Niño: six-month seasonal forecasts indicate that the Niño3.4 index will continue rising and peak in late 2026, potentially reaching very strong intensity.
6 export crop groups, fruits, vegetables, grapes, coffee, tea and premium rice, lead biostimulant adoption amid stricter environmental, food safety and market access requirements.
3 strategic benefits, improved nutrient efficiency, tolerance to climate stress and commercial quality, drive the adoption of biostimulants in export-oriented agriculture.
More than 50 consecutive days of record-high ocean surface temperatures increased the risk of altered rainfall, droughts, floods and heatwaves affecting agricultural production.
Between 25% and 30% of global wheat exports are concentrated in Russia and Ukraine, meaning disruptions in the Black Sea immediately affect international supply and prices.
16% was the cumulative increase in wheat futures during July 2026, driven by the escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, while maize reached its highest value in more than two months.
1.5 million tonnes would be the volume of Russian wheat exports in July 2026, approximately one-third below the previous year and the lowest July volume since 2017.
Around 645 million people were affected by hunger (7.8% of the world's population) in 2025. (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2026).
Around 2.1 billion people (25.8% of the world's population) experienced moderate or severe food insecurity in 2025. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2026).
