Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
33% of global maritime fertilizer trade (16 Mt) passes through the Strait of Hormuz, and in some countries, up to 54% of imports come from the Persian Gulf. During the last energy crisis, the natural gas index exceeded 1,000, while nitrogen fertilizers exceeded 700 (urea) and 900 (DAP).
The price of Brent crude rose by 27%, reaching approximately $91.80 per barrel, while the price of European natural gas (TTF) rose by 74%, reaching nearly €55.80 per MWh.
Rising borrowing costs are increasing the potential economic burden of disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz. Following the military escalation, sovereign bond yields rose by between 0.24 and 0.64 percentage points, reaching as high as 7.1%.
Ship traffic through the Strait of Hormuz fell more than 95% (from over 100 vessels per day to fewer than 10), disrupting flows of oil, LNG and fertilizers essential for global agricultural production (UNCTAD, 2026).
51 of the 64 native maize races were preserved through 191 seed banks and seed houses established by the strategy.
25% was the yield increase achieved in maize crops across 25 states during 2025, with technical support and agroecological practices from Farmer Field Schools.
21% was the reduction in maize production cost per ton, associated with a 14% decrease in agrochemical spending and 6.5% lower operating costs.
Peru's agricultural production grew by 5.64% in January 2026 compared to the same month the previous year, driven by an increase in the area under cultivation and favorable weather conditions.
6% of global land use change is attributed individually to countries such as Russia, India, China, and the United States (Kan et al., 2026).
33% of global biodiversity hotspots are located in grassland regions threatened by agricultural expansion (Kan et al., 2026).
