Data or statistical facts on the situation and perspectives of agri-food systems and the impact of policies
Nearly 30% was the year-on-year increase in grain harvests during intense El Niño events, such as 1997 and 2014-2016, due to productivity gains.
1997 was the last time Argentina observed an extreme version of El Niño, associated with intense rainfall, floods, and damage in urban and agricultural areas.
More than 20% is NOAA’s estimated probability of an extreme version of El Niño occurring, although experts warn that uncertainty remains.
60% is the approximate probability assigned by Enfen to a weak El Niño event in Peru during 2026.
Natural gas prices, the main input for fertilizers, increased by up to 50%, driving up the cost of the sector (Agrolatam, 2026).
The price of urea in the United States increased by 34% before the planting season (Agrolatam, 2026).
Prices for nitrogen fertilizers in the US market have risen by more than 30% in recent weeks (Agrolatam, 2026).
More than 80% of the fertilizers used in Latin America are imported, which increases regional vulnerability to external shocks (Mundoagro, 2026).
25% of Brazil's corn exports are destined for the Middle East, increasing sectoral vulnerability (Canuto, 2026).
The rate reached 14.75% after a 25 basis point cut in response to inflationary pressures in Brazil (Canuto, 2026).
