DID YOU KNOW?
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Effects of temperature on cattle
A study of 159 Gyr crossbred dairy cows under tropical conditions in Peru compared two estrus synchronization protocols (conventional PC9 vs. extended J-Synch6) for follicular timed induction (FTAI) and evaluated their relationship with heat stress i... -
Low-yield goat farming systems in the dry forest
This study characterizes goat production systems in the Peruvian Amazonian tropical dry forest using multivariate analysis. Productive, reproductive, nutritional, health, and socioeconomic variables were evaluated to identify producer typologies and ... -
Plan distribution
795, 565, 333 and 317 plans were executed in cotton, livestock, dairy and citrus respectively, demonstrating PRODAF's multi-channel focus.
Dairy Value Chain
A space for reflection, analysis, and monitoring of policies, along with their national and regional contexts, as well as the exchange of perspectives and visions for the future to transform agri-food systems and the dairy sector in the region. Contact: Alejandra Díaz alejandra.diaz@iica.int
Resources
(59 records
)
![Sustainable transformation of the dairy chain in the SICA countries [ES]](https://test-assets-opsaa.iica.int/storage/resource/2025/10/1c0ca91aa528b71b8a690e8ef34927e0.png)
![Sustainable Transformation of the Dairy Chain in SICA Countries [ES]](https://test-assets-opsaa.iica.int/storage/resource/2025/10/1793af3eeef1d0cb9b74c00458c0628b.png)
Events
(21 records
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Evidences
(38 records
)
Effects of temperature on cattle
A study of 159 Gyr crossbred dairy cows under tropical conditions in Peru compared two estrus synchronization protocols (conventional PC9 vs. extended J-Synch6) for follicular timed induction (FTAI) and evaluated their relationship with heat stress index (THI) in seven critical phases of the program. Both protocols showed similar estrus and pregnancy rates, but J-Synch6 produced larger preovulatory follicles, and its estrus manifestation was more sensitive to hours without heat stress (THI < 72) and to stress peaks (THI ≥ 83) during the follicular growth phase (Vásquez et al., 2025).
Low-yield goat farming systems in the dry forest
This study characterizes goat production systems in the Peruvian Amazonian tropical dry forest using multivariate analysis. Productive, reproductive, nutritional, health, and socioeconomic variables were evaluated to identify producer typologies and understand the dynamics affecting the efficiency of the goat system. The analysis allowed for the distinction of groups with differentiated practices and varying levels of technology, which is key to designing interventions aimed at improving productivity and sustainability (Rodríguez et al., 2025).
Plan distribution
795, 565, 333 and 317 plans were executed in cotton, livestock, dairy and citrus respectively, demonstrating PRODAF's multi-channel focus.
More recent in politics
Investments and Public Expenditure
(48 records
- USD 1,993,966,881.00
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Dairy Hub Project - Honduras
Initiative aimed at revitalizing the Honduran dairy sector through training for small producers, technical assistance, technology transfer, and strengthening quality practices in milk production. The project seeks to increase productivity, improve health standards, and formalize milk collection and processing for the benefit of more than 1,000 farms, contributing both to the sustainability of the value chain and to national food security.
School Glass of Milk Program
The School Glass of Milk Program is a national initiative established by law that guarantees the minimum consumption of two glasses of fluid milk of national production per week to students of preschool and basic education in public educational centers. The program articulates national milk production with school feeding through a supply mechanism that involves associations, cooperatives and independent producers. The milk is industrially processed with UHT technology and distributed directly to schools, replacing the powdered milk that was previously delivered. The program has legal support through Decree No. 304 of 2013 "Law of the School Glass of Milk Program" and benefits more than 2,200 Salvadoran ranchers organized in about 30 associative groups.
Guatemalan Dairy Campaign
The Chamber of Milk Producers of Guatemala, the Jersey Cattle Breeders Association, the Southeastern Cattle Ranchers Association, and Cooproleche joined forces to create the permanent campaign "Guatemalan Dairy Products." This initiative promotes the consumption of local dairy products to support all actors in the dairy value chain in Guatemala.
Policy frameworks
(126 records
)
EUDR New Provisions: Guidance Document for Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 on deforestation-free products
The European Commission's Guidance Document published on August 12, 2025, provides non-binding guidelines to facilitate harmonized implementation of Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 on deforestation-free products (EUDR). This instrument clarifies fundamental aspects of the Regulation including definitions of placing on the market, export, due diligence, agricultural use, and the role of certification schemes, establishing that covered products (wood, cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, and soya) can only be marketed or exported in the EU if they are deforestation-free after December 31, 2020, and were produced legally. The document, developed in cooperation with Member State representatives, guides operators, traders, competent authorities, and national courts on the traceability, geolocation, risk assessment, and mitigation requirements necessary to ensure supply chains do not contribute to deforestation or forest degradation. The second edition improves clarity on application timelines (December 30, 2025, for large and medium enterprises, June 30, 2026, for micro and small enterprises), precision of provisions, and facilitation of efficient due diligence.
School Nutrition and Health Program
The School Feeding and Health Program of the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology of El Salvador aims to improve learning conditions through school feeding, health, and nutrition. Initiated in 1984, it evolved from a welfare-based program into a rights-based social policy, integrating components of preventive health, nutrition, and food education. It is institutionalized under the Social Development and Protection Law and is part of the Universal Social Protection Subsystem. The program seeks to overcome poverty and social inequality by strengthening school attendance and promoting healthy habits among children and adolescents. Furthermore, it contributes to food and nutritional security and the sustainable educational development of the country.
Basic Law of Agrarian Reform of El Salvador
The Basic Law of Agrarian Reform of El Salvador establishes the transformation of the country's agrarian structure through the substitution of the latifundist system with a just system of property, tenure and land exploitation based on equitable land distribution. The law recognizes and guarantees private property with social function, establishing maximum land tenure limits (100 hectares in class I-IV soils and 150 hectares in class V-VII soils) and compliance requirements to maintain ownership. It regulates the processes of affectation, acquisition and expropriation of lands exceeding established limits, as well as their subsequent assignment to agricultural cooperative associations and rural worker organizations. The legal framework creates the Salvadoran Institute of Agrarian Transformation (ISTA) as process executor and establishes provisional administration mechanisms, payment systems through agrarian reform bonds, and procedures to guarantee the incorporation of rural population into the country's economic and social development.
Good practices
(6 records
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Food and Nutritional Security for Children and Salvadoran Households (SANNHOS)
The SANNHOS program is a joint United Nations initiative that seeks to strengthen food and nutritional security in El Salvador, focusing on three municipalities in the Chalatenango department. The program works with 600 vulnerable families to establish sustainable, inclusive and climate-resilient food systems. It strengthens the regulatory framework and governance in FNS at national and local levels with a gender and human rights approach. Interventions include improvements in feeding, nutrition and health practices, especially for children under 5 years old, pregnant women and women of reproductive age. The program promotes active participation of women in training processes and productive enterprises to improve decision-making about family health.
Strengthening dairy cattle production in the Municipality of Tiahuanacu - Bolivia
Increase milk production in the Municipality of Tiahuanacu by 20%, from 33,019.80 to 39,623.76 liters of milk per year, to ensure supply to the domestic market.
NAMA for a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Livestock Sector in Honduras
The NAMA for a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Livestock Sector in Honduras seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the livestock sector through sustainable practices that increase farm productivity and resilience. Silvopastoral systems, biodigesters, organic fertilizers and nutritional blocks will be implemented to improve livestock management and reduce deforestation. This initiative aligns with national development plans, contributing to goals of poverty reduction, job creation, ecological restoration and climate mitigation. The goal is to transform the livestock sector into a net carbon sink, with positive social, environmental and economic impacts. Implementation considers two reduction scenarios, aiming for conversion of 20% or 30% of current practices to sustainable practices.
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