In 2023, the relative internal productivity of the Agriculture sector in Latin America and the Caribbean was 44 (with total productivity coefficient = 100), showing its lag compared to sectors with higher productivity, according to the sectoral graph of the report (ECLAC, 2025).

64.2% of people lived in totally informal households in Nicaragua (OECD, 2024).

7% of forest cover was lost between 1990 and 2020 in Latin America and the Caribbean, equivalent to 138 million hectares, highlighting the scale of landscape degradation in the region and the urgency of advancing large-scale restoration and conservation efforts (World Resources Institute, 2024).

The project aims to contribute to water security in prioritized watershed territories of the SICA region by producing technical diagnostic studies, cost-of-inaction/benefit-of-action analyses (BACI), and strategic water investment plans with bankable project profiles per watershed. It operates in 8 watersheds across 8 countries —Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic— incorporating gender, intercultural, and climate risk perspectives

PRESICA developed a regional agricultural innovation model based on Local Innovation Consortia, which bring together producers, research institutes, universities, NGOs, and the private sector around value chains for corn, beans, cassava, and sweet peppers. The strategy was grounded in producers’ technological needs to drive research, technology validation, technology transfer, and extension services with a territorial focus. The project operated in eight Central American countries and the Dominican Republic, forming 22 local consortia. It contributed to strengthening national and regional agricultural innovation systems as a public good.

Ecotrade is an initiative funded by the European Union and implemented by the Secretariat for Central American Economic Integration (SIECA), which, as a strategic partner, supports the strengthening of regional economic integration. The program aims to facilitate, streamline, and make trade between Central American countries and the European Union more sustainable by modernizing processes, improving connectivity, and reducing trade barriers, thereby contributing to a more competitive region with greater opportunities for people and businesses.

National contingency and institutional response plan of SINAPRED in Nicaragua, aimed at agroclimatic risk management and coordination of actions by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAGFOR) in response to extreme events associated with the El Niño phenomenon. The instrument establishes mechanisms for prevention, mitigation, productive rehabilitation, early warning systems, and interinstitutional coordination to reduce the vulnerability of the agricultural sector and strengthen the resilience of agri-food systems against droughts, floods, and other climate-related threats.

Law No. 462 establishes the legal framework for the conservation, promotion and sustainable development of the forestry sector in Nicaragua, based on natural forest management, plantation promotion and forest area protection. It creates the National Forestry Administration System (SNAF) integrated by public and private entities, with the National Forestry Institute (INAFOR) as the executing body under MAGFOR's leadership. It establishes fiscal incentives to promote forest plantations, sustainable management of natural forests and restoration of degraded areas, including exemptions from municipal taxes and income tax. It defines the regulatory framework for forestry harvesting permits, management plans, forest product transportation and concessions on state lands. The law also creates the National Forestry Development Fund (FONADEFO) to finance promotion programs and establishes a system of infractions and administrative sanctions to ensure compliance with forestry regulations.

The Constitutive Agreement of the Central American Commission on Environment and Development is a regional agreement signed in San José on December 12, 1989, by the Presidents of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, establishing a regional cooperation regime for the optimal and rational use of natural resources, pollution control, and restoration of ecological balance in Central America. The Agreement creates CCAD as an executive entity responsible for directing and administering this regime, with the mandate to formulate strategies to promote environmentally sustainable development, develop action plans, valorize and protect the regional natural heritage characterized by its high biological and ecosystem diversity, and strengthen national environmental management institutions. The institutional structure comprises the Commission integrated by governmental representatives, a rotating annual Presidency, an executive Secretariat, ad-hoc technical commissions, and a patrimonial fund formed by State contributions and international donations. The Agreement establishes priority action areas including environmental education, protection of shared watersheds and ecosystems, tropical forest management, urban pollution control, and toxic substance management, promoting participatory, democratic, and decentralized environmental management in the Central American region.

The project aims to contribute to water security in prioritized watershed territories of the SICA region by producing technical diagnostic studies, cost-of-inaction/benefit-of-action analyses (BACI), and strategic water investment plans with bankable project profiles per watershed. It operates in 8 watersheds across 8 countries —Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic— incorporating gender, intercultural, and climate risk perspectives

PRESICA developed a regional agricultural innovation model based on Local Innovation Consortia, which bring together producers, research institutes, universities, NGOs, and the private sector around value chains for corn, beans, cassava, and sweet peppers. The strategy was grounded in producers’ technological needs to drive research, technology validation, technology transfer, and extension services with a territorial focus. The project operated in eight Central American countries and the Dominican Republic, forming 22 local consortia. It contributed to strengthening national and regional agricultural innovation systems as a public good.

The project develops and validates methodologies to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in dual-purpose livestock systems in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, combining indirect analyses based on IPCC (2006) guidelines with experimental studies in pastures and direct measurements of enteric methane. By classifying farms according to their level of intensification, the initiative assesses CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O emissions, their relationship with productivity, and key economic factors, demonstrating that farms with improved forage management and supplementation generate lower emissions per unit of product. In addition to producing local emission factors and more accurate Tier 2 calculation tools, the project strengthens producer capacities through training activities, promoting sustainable and competitive livestock systems with low GHG emissions.